How Employment can be raised in coming times?

Shraddha Verma.
This pandemic situation is going to cause uncertainities in employment opportunities and will affect lakhs of youth. So the article here gives some suggestions or ways by which employment can be raised in the coming times.
According to a joint report by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) , as many as 41 lakh youth in India lost jobs due to the COVID 19 pandemic while construction and farm sector workers account for majority of job losses. The report also says that youth(15 – 24 years ) will be hit harder than other age groups ( 24 years and older).
In India about two thirds of firm level apprenticeships and three quarters of internships were completely interrupted during pandemic. The sectors that were completely disrupted were wholesale and retail trade and repair, manufacturing, rental and business services , and accomodation and food services.
The young people are affected in many ways including job disruptions in the form of reduced working hours and earnings, job losses for both paid workers and the self employed, disruptions in their education and training and difficulties in transitioning from school to work and moving between jobs in a recession.
In India, from the end of March 2020, most government and private sector companies have resorted to either sack employees asking them to go on indefinite leave without pay or slashed salaries by as much as 85% — A report by Outlook India. As per the data suggested by the National Sample Survey (NSS) and Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) , it is estimated that overall 136 million government and private sector jobs are at immediate risk in post-corona India.
Small and Medium sized enterprises (SMEs) , will be at high risk in this crises as it accounts for 68% of all jobs in various departments including food and accomodation services. It also affected many busineses, startups, enterprises, enterpreneurships, students educated from reknowned institutions like IITs, IIMs, etc who were looking for jobs in companies.
So to tackle the problem of economic and employment crisis, government has already taken decisive actions to safeguard jobs including the implementation of wage subsidies, allowing freelancers and sole traders to claim unemployment benefits without shutting down their busnesses , and supporting working from home policies through tax incentives or transfers. The government also took remarkable decisions such as unveiling “ATMANIRBHAR Package – 20 lakh crore package”in which definition of MSME was changed in terms of turnover size and investment limits, liquidity relief for all EPF establishments, provision of interest subventions under SHISHU MUDRA loans, financial aid to street vendors and farmers, employment generation for tribal people by providing CAMPA funds , promotion of herbal cultivation which emply farmers and will support regional mandis, policy reforms in sectors etc , launch of GARIB KALYAAN ROZGAAR ABHIYAAN for employment of mihrant workers, focus on VOCAL FOR LOCAL and financial relief to poors through Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana.
So here are some suggestions –
Various central and state schemes such as PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana, MGNREGA etc should primarily focus on giving benefits to migrant workers, poor labourers .
The state govt should identify ‘Aspirational Districts’ (on the basis of number of workers migrated, number of poor households, number of unemployed workforce , of all age groups specifically 15-24 years old youths, living) and should be targeted first for infrastructure development for skill development and vocational training . In this way people will develop skills to get employed in various professions.
More no. of Self Help Groups (SHGs) should be formed and existing SHGs of different regions can form clusters . This will promote women empowerment by generating their income through loans at affordable costs, by engaging themselves in activities such as mask making, sanitizer making, handicrafts making activties etc. They should also be in contanct with NGOs and Non Profit organisations so as to mobilise masses and and will become a mass campaign.
Business revolution can emerge if DIGITAL STARTUPs are began to be recognised, incentivised and promoted. Startup ideas for Education startups, Health Tech startup be encouraged and can be supported.
Training in PPP ( Public Private Partnership) mode with Non Profit Organisation can be provided to prepare them for private sector jobs in future in construction, education and health . Local Infrastructure can also be made in PPP mode. At low cost and in efficient manner , the skilled labour will be generated and will be able to make a living for themselves.
Mahila e- Haat and similar initiatives are required to display the talent and skills of entrepreneurs across the country digitally. Various cooperatives and organisations can connect themselves with the people across the country and people can showcase their artworks, tailoring skills , handicrafts, local products, and can earn money.
Today the number of Corona cases are increasing day by day but recovery rate is also improving . India is facing many hurdles but people are also learning to live with the virus and are taking precautionary steps. The government has already initiated steps towards development in different aspects and will also be able to come out of this employment crisis .